In addition to general gardening safety considerations, to use an axe safely:

* Maintain a safety circle around you when using an axe.

* Wear appropriate clothing, including leather gloves, long pants, and leather boots.

* Never use an axe when tired.

* Check the axe head and handle before use.

* Carry axes with the sheath on.

* Use a sharp axe.

* Clear your work area of tripping hazards and overhead hazards.

From: Axe Safety Basics - Simple rules for using an axe safely in the woods, at camp or at home | Original Outdoors